![]() The “middle fibers” stay at a state of zero stress (due to bending) since the effect of tension and compression is neutralized there (hence the term neutral axis). Bending of a shaft has the tendency to produce maximum tensile stress on the “outermost” fibers (since they elongate) and maximum compressive stress on the “innermost” fibers (since they shrink). Stress, Strain and Youngs Modulus Stress is force per unit area - strain is the deformation of a solid due to stress. Stress in Thin-Walled Cylinders or Tubes Hoop and longitudinal stress thin-walled tubes or cylinders. Stress Stress is force applied on cross-sectional area. everywhere) but this is not true for bending. Calculate the stress in steam boiler shells caused by steam pressure. For a uniform cross section the preload and tension will produce a uniform stress field through the cross section and along the shaft (i.e. ![]() We will consider n to be 1.Īn important thing to note is that the calculation above calculates the maximum stress at any point in the bolt. ![]() The load factor is related to the factor of safety, with the difference being that it is a factor that is applied to the loads or stresses to ensure that the bolt stress remains below the allowable stress.”įor our simple example, we will only consider the preload, tensile force and a bending moment. ![]() In the equation above, n is a load factor which is applied to the tensile, bending and shear stress but is not applied to the preload stress. ![]()
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